Comprehensive OSHA Guide to Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Compliance

Everything you need to know about OSHA's SDS requirements, penalties, and how to stay compliant - without the complexity or high costs.

Introduction to OSHA and Safety Data Sheets

Understanding the foundation of workplace chemical safety

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is a federal agency under the U.S. Department of Labor responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions by setting and enforcing standards. One key standard is the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS), found in 29 CFR 1910.1200, which aims to protect workers from hazardous chemicals in the workplace.

Central to this standard are Safety Data Sheets (SDS), standardized documents that provide detailed information on the properties, hazards, safe handling, storage, and emergency measures related to chemicals.

SDS are critical because they empower workers with the knowledge needed to handle chemicals safely and respond effectively in emergencies, such as spills or exposures. For U.S.-based businesses dealing with hazardous chemicals, compliance isn't just a legal obligation—it's essential for preventing injuries, illnesses, and costly disruptions.

What OSHA Requires for SDS Compliance

Breaking down the key requirements under the Hazard Communication Standard

SDS Content and Format

Standardized 16-Section Format (GHS Aligned)

Sections 1-8:

  1. Identification
  2. Hazard(s) identification
  3. Composition/information on ingredients
  4. First-aid measures
  5. Fire-fighting measures
  6. Accidental release measures
  7. Handling and storage
  8. Exposure controls/personal protection

Sections 9-16:

  1. Physical and chemical properties
  2. Stability and reactivity
  3. Toxicological information
  4. Ecological information
  5. Disposal considerations
  6. Transport information
  7. Regulatory information
  8. Other information (e.g., preparation date)

Note: If no information is available for a subheading, it must be marked as "no applicable information." Updates required within 3 months of new hazard information.

Maintenance Requirements

Obtain and maintain SDS for each hazardous chemical

Manufacturers must provide with first shipment

Update within 3 months of new information

Retail distributors must provide upon request

Employee Accessibility

Readily accessible during each work shift

No barriers (locked rooms, complex searches)

Mobile workers can access from primary location

Employees trained on access and understanding

Acceptable Formats: Electronic vs. Paper

✓ Electronic Systems Permitted If:
  • No barriers to immediate access
  • Backup systems for power outages/crashes
  • Employees trained on electronic access
  • Hard copies available upon request
  • Verified employee access
✗ What Is NOT Required:
  • Paper copies (if electronic access works)
  • Enforcement of Sections 12-15
  • Exact chemical formulas (trade secrets)
  • SDS for non-hazardous chemicals
  • Retail distribution without commercial accounts

Penalties for Non-Compliance with SDS Requirements

Understanding the financial risks of SDS violations

OSHA Penalty Structure (Effective January 15, 2025)

When Penalties Apply
  • Missing or Inaccurate SDS: Failure to obtain/maintain or provide upon request
  • Inaccessible SDS: Barriers like locked storage, no backups, or untrained employees
  • Lack of Training: Employees not informed on SDS access or hazards
Real-World Examples
  • • Healthcare facilities: Up to $16,550 per serious violation
  • • Manufacturing: $500–$5,000 average (after reductions)
  • • Metal fabrication (2024): $10,000 per violation for missing SDS
  • • Repeated offenses: Up to $165,514

In 2024, over 3,000 HCS citations were issued, totaling millions in penalties.

3,000+

HCS citations issued in 2024

$165,514

Maximum penalty per willful violation

#2

Most cited OSHA standard

$16,550

Per day for failure to correct

How Our Software Ensures Easy SDS Compliance

Turn complex OSHA requirements into a seamless process

Effortless SDS Management

Upload, store, and organize SDS in a secure electronic database. Employees access them instantly via QR codes anytime, anywhere, meeting OSHA's "immediate access" rule without paper clutter.

Risk Reduction & Cost Savings

By preventing violations, you avoid fines up to $165,514 per willful issue. Our clients report reduced administrative time, fewer incidents, and peace of mind knowing they're protected.

Always OSHA Compliant

Built specifically for OSHA's requirements with automatic updates, proper 16-section formatting, and fail-safe backup systems that ensure compliance even during outages.

Employee Training Included

Simple training materials and intuitive design ensure your team knows how to access SDS immediately - a key OSHA requirement that many overlook.

Important: Full OSHA Compliance Requires Complete Chemical Inventory

While you can test our system with up to 10 chemicals free, achieving full OSHA compliance requires maintaining your complete chemical inventory. The Professional Plan ($80/year) provides unlimited chemical storage to ensure your business meets all OSHA requirements and avoids costly penalties.

Protect Your Business from OSHA Penalties

Join thousands of businesses that stay compliant without the complexity or high costs

Test with 10 chemicals • Full compliance requires Professional Plan